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Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 721–729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.64
Figure 1: Polyaniline emeraldine base and emeraldine salt.
Figure 2: One PANI chain and four NO2 molecules. Two in position “d” (doped) and two in position “u” (undoped...
Figure 3: Two PANI chains overlapping in the middle with a gap of 3 Å. The position (c) is for ammonia or nit...
Figure 4: Two PANI chains overlapping in the middle with a gap of 3 Å top view. Between the chains one ammoni...
Figure 5: The relative resistance change of emeraldine salt, one molecule chain was taken into account, by th...
Figure 6: The relative resistance change of emeraldine salt, one molecule chain was taken into account, by th...
Figure 7: Relative resistance of emeraldine salt in the presence of NH3 computed for two overlapping chains o...
Figure 8: Relative resistance change in the presence of ammonia for different concentrations; red squares: co...
Figure 9: Relative resistance change in the presence of nitrogen dioxide for different concentrations; red sq...
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34
Figure 1: SEM micrographs of deposited layers on an interdigital transducer structure: (a) PANI/ZnO, (b) PANI...
Figure 2: The Raman spectra of the PANI.
Figure 3: Current–voltage characteristics of active layers.
Figure 4: Temperature dependence characteristics of active layers.
Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the gas sensing characterizations apparatus.
Figure 6: Gas characterization of active layers towards (a) 25 ppm of NH3, (b) 25 ppm of NO2, (c) 25 ppm of C...
Figure 7: The responses of sensing layers for different concentrations of NH3.
Figure 8: Gas characterization of active layers to different concentrations of NH3 at 80 °C.
Figure 9: The summary of the gas sensor responses for all active layers.
Figure 10: RH dependences of the sensing layers.
Figure 11: Two-dimensional (a) LDA and (b) PCA projections of extracted features.
Figure 12: Total classification accuracy using the five classifiers SVM, KNN, DT, RF, and GPC with K-fold cros...
Figure 13: Sensor array fabrication.
Figure 14: Sensor array with nanocomposite sensing layers with dimensions and bottom view with heating element...
Figure 15: Smart sensing system block diagram.
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 22–29, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.4
Figure 1: Schematic drawing of the sensor assembly designs: (a) continuous NCD film, (b) ZnO nanorods, and (c...
Figure 2: SEM surface morphology and corresponding plot of sensor response as a function of the time at a fix...
Figure 3: (a) Raman spectra and (b) X-ray diffraction patterns of sensor devices based on NCD thin film (blue...
Figure 4: Simulated interaction between an NO2 gas molecule and the non-polar hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD sensor with ...
Figure 5: Transmission spectra of the hybrid ZnO/NCD structure without and with one or two NO2 molecules at t...
Figure 6: Transmission spectra of hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD sensor structure with and without one CO2 molecule. Zero...
Figure 7: Electron density distribution of (a) T-shaped NO2 and (b) L-shaped NO2 molecules.